Types of PCD tools
1, natural diamond Natural Diamond (ND);
2, man-made diamond Artificial Polvcrystalline Diamond (PCD);
3, artificial polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC); Chemical Vapor Deposition Diamond diamond coated Coated Tools chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
4, sedimentary thickness of substrate 100µ pure diamond thick film Thick Diamond Film m (TDF);
5, in the tool substrate surface directly on the deposition thickness is less than 30µ diamond film coated Coated Thin Diamond Film m (CD).
Natural diamond (ND) cutting tools
As the natural diamond pull tendril of spectral peaks, has the following characteristics:
(1) at the 1332 spike showed the presence of diamond.
(2) wave amplitude (FWHM) of 4.1cm-1

　  1、天然金刚石Natural Diamond(ND)；

　　2、人造聚晶金刚石Artificial Polvcrystalline Diamond(PCD)；

　　3、人造聚晶金刚石复合片Polycrystalline Diamond Compact(PDC)；化学气相沉积涂层金刚石刀具Chemical Vapor Deposition Diamond Coated Tools(CVD)。

　　4、沉积厚度达100µm的无衬底纯金刚石厚膜Thick Diamond Film(TDF)；

　　5、在刀具基体表面直接上沉积厚度小于30µm的金刚石薄膜涂层Coated Thin Diamond Film(CD)。

Display for the pure diamond. ND is currently the hardest substance known minerals, mainly used for the preparation of cutter tool. Natural diamond cutting tool grinding after the cutting edge radius of up to 0.01 ~ 0.002µ M. The natural single crystal diamond (Single Crystalline Diamond, SCD) cutting edge position by high magnification of 1500 times was still observed edge smooth. SCD turning aluminum piston when Ra can reach 4µ m, and under the same cutting conditions using PCD tool for processing of rough when Ra is 15 ~ 50µ M. So using the SCD tool with precision lathe for precision and ultra precision machining, can obtain the mirror surface.
Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutting tools
PCD is a high temperature and super high pressure conditions by cobalt metal bonded diamond powder aggregation will polycrystalline materials synthesized sintering, also known as the sintering diamond. The whole sintering polycrystalline diamond tool for milling cutter, milling, PCD crystalline disorder arrangement state, is isotropic, uniform hardness, graphitization temperature of 550 DEG C. The tool with high hardness, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, high elastic modulus and low coefficient of friction. The blade is very sharp features.
Artificial polycrystalline diamond compact (PCD) cutter
In order to improve the PCD blade toughness and weldability, often PCD and hard alloy cutter body made of polycrystalline diamond composite blade (PCD). In the cemented carbide substrate surface pressing a layer of 0.5 ~ 1mm thick PCD sintering. Composite blade bending strength and hardness of hard alloy basic consistent, close to PCD, so it can replace the use of PCD. PCD and artificial polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter workpiece surface quality of edge sharpness and processing of less than ND. At the same time its machinability is poor, the grinding ratio is low, it is difficult to form according to any of the cutter head forming. At present, the use of artificial polycrystalline diamond composite sheet only preparation tool, still can not manufacture the chip breaking groove milling cutter with indexable inserts and complex three-dimensional surface geometry.
CVD diamond thick film (TDF) welding tool
Diamond thick film welding tool is to cut CVD diamond thick film of a laser welded to the substrate (usually K hard alloy), forming a composite sheet, and then polishing compound tablets, two welded to the knife body, blade into the required shape and edge. For thick CVD diamond (diamond film thickness of 30µ m), with high hardness, wear resistance, small friction coefficient and other characteristics, is ideal material for manufacturing cutting non-ferrous metals and non-metallic materials tool. Because the diamond welding process complex, CVD diamond thick film (TDF) welding tool has not yet been high-volume applications.
Diamond coated cutting tools
Diamond coated cutting tools is used CVD method directly on the hard alloy (K hard alloy) depositing a layer of 1 ~ 25&micro or ceramic substrate; m diamond thin film, no cleavage isotropic. As shown in Figure 3 (B). Film coated tool hardness of 9800 ~ 10000HV. High thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal conductivity at room temperature as high as 2000W M-1 K-1, and the hard alloy cutter thermal conductivity is only 80 ~ 100m-1 K-1. The CVD method can be coated to diamond tool in any complex shape, this is polycrystalline diamond is unable to have the most significant advantage.
Application of PCD tools
Natural diamond cutting tools currently used mainly for copper and copper alloy and gold, silver, rhodium and other metal, and the special part of ultra precision mirror machining, such as the camera, optical disk plane mirror, the polygon mirror and two curved mirror etc.. But the crystalline anisotropy, the tool is expensive. Content in the diamond grains and cobalt PCD performance depends on the tool life, hard alloy cutter (WC matrix) of 10 ~ 500 times. Mainly used for turning processing all kinds of non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, copper, magnesium and its alloy, hard alloy and extremely strong abrasion resistance fiber plasticizing material, metal matrix composites, wood etc. nonmetal materials. Machining of cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth of processing conditions depends on the workpiece material and hardness. Artificial polycrystalline diamond composite sheet (PDC) properties and application of close to PCD tool, mainly used in nonferrous metal, hard alloy, ceramic, non metal materials (plastic, hard rubber, carbon, wood, cement products), composite material and cutting processing, to gradually replace the hard alloy tools. The diamond particles asked part residual adhesive metal and graphite, which bonded metal by coalescence state or veins in shape distribution will reduce tool wear and life. In addition there are metallic solvent residues in direct contact with the solvent, the metal and diamond surface. Reduce (PDC) the antioxidant capacity and the tool heat resistant temperature, so the cutting performance is not stable enough. Diamond thick film tool preparation process is complex, because between diamond and low melting point metal and its alloy with very high interfacial energy. Diamond is hard to be of low melting point solder alloy by infiltration. Poor solderability, difficult to fabricate complex geometry tool, so TDF welding tool can not applied in high speed milling. Diamond coated cutting tools can be used in high speed machining, the reason is that in addition to diamond coated cutting tools with excellent mechanical properties, diamond coating technology to preparation of arbitrary complex shaped milling cutter for high speed machining, such as aluminum and titanium alloy aerospace materials and difficult processing of nonmetal materials such as graphite electrode.